Grain-shocking attachment for harvesting-machines.



No. 698,230. Patented Apr. 22, I902.

G. H. SPAULDING, Decd.

L. L. SPAULDING, Administratrix. GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOB HARVESTING MACHINES.

(Application filed Feb. 27, 1901.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheat I.

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8 Sheets-Shoat 2.

G. H. SPAULDING, Decd.

L. L. SPAULDING, Administratrix. GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOR HARVESTING MACHINES. (No Model.) (Application filed Feb. 27, 1901.

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I w m Hts/698,230. Patented Apr. 22, I902.

a. H. SPAULDING, Decd.

- L. L. SPAULDING, Administratrix. GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FDR HARVESTING MACHINES.

A lication, ed Feb. 27 1901. 01 Model.) 5 "3 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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I No. 698,230. Patented Apr. 22. I902. G. H. SPAULDING, Decd.

. L. L. SPAULDING, Admini ttttt rix. GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOB HARVESTING MACHINES.

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No. 698,230. Patented Apr. 22', I902.

G. H. SPAULDING, Decd. I

L. L. SPAULDING. Administratrix.

GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOR HARVESTING MACHINES.

(Application filed Feb. 27, 1901.)

(No Modem 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

I, l v o 0 Patented Apr. 22, I902. G. H. SPAULDING, Decd.

- L. L. SPAULDING, Administratrix. GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOR HARVESTING MACHINES.

(Application flled Feb. 27, 1901.)

8 Sheets-Sheat 6.

(No Model.)

l HIIHIIII Jim-Ill: IIIII IIII No. 698,230. I Patented Apr. 22, I902.

G.,H. SPAULDING, D'ecd.

L. L. SPAULDING, Admlnisiratrix.

GRAIN SHOCKING ATTACHMENT FOB HARVESTING MACHINES.

( Application filed rm 27, 1901. v u

BShggts-Shoet 7.

(No Model.)

H q I aeoye HIS Imam}? 4 a: mama PETERS cu, vnmo uma. w xsuma'rou n c .Patented Apr. 22, I902. G. H. SPAULDING, Deod. Y

SPAULDING, Administratrix. GBAINSHOGKING'ATTACHMENT FOB HARVESTING MABHINES.,

(Applicatioz; filed Feb. 27, 1901.)

a shuts-sheet a.

(No Model.)

ITwe LZZZ Gear eIJvaaZzZiz Jedi- I 068155 UNITED STATES PATENT WFFICE- LOIS L. sP ULDrNG, or onIc o, FILLINOIS, ADMINISTRATRIX OF GEORGE H. SPAULDING, DECEASED, AssIGNoR TO MCCORMICK HARVESTING MA- CHINE COMPANY, OF OI-IIGAGOf-ILLINOIS.

GRA'IN-SHOCKING5A1TACHMENTF Foe HARVESTING-"MACHINES.

srEcIFIcATroN forming We of Letters Patent No. 698,230, dated April 22, 1902. Application filed February '27, 1901. was... 49,035. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: j

Be it known that I, LOIS L. SPAULDING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Oook,'an d"State of Illinois, widow of GEOR E HPSPAULDING, deceased, late a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, Oookcounty, Illinois, am the administratrix of the" estate of said GEORGE H. SPAULDING, and that during his lifetime said GEORGE H. SPAULDING invented certain newand usefullmprovements in Grain-Shocking Attachments for Harvesting-lVIachines'; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description 'of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Self-binding harvesters have for along time been provided with bundle carriers and drop pers to receive the bound sheaves from the binder and carry them until a sufficient num ber has accumulated to form a shock, when they were dumped or allowed to roll offin haphazard position, to be afterward collected and set up in the form of a shock.

Recently it has been proposed to attach to the binder a shocker in contradis'tinction to a carrier and dropper, this shocker being adapted to receive the bound bundles from the binder, as before, and to confine them in the form of a shock untila sufficient num ber has accumulated, when the shocker is tilted or turned over so as to deposit the shock on the ground with the bundles setting up on end, thereby doing away with the 1abor-of subsequently shocking the bundles.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved shocking attachment for this general purpose; and with this object in view it consists in the construction and arrangement hereinafter illustrated and described.

Referring to the drawings, Figurel is a front elevation'of the shocker and so much of the harvesting-machine as is 'necessaryto show the relation of theshocker thereto, the parts being in position to receive the bundles from the binder. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same parts. Fig. 3 is a plan of the same. Fig. t is a side elevation of the inachine. Fig. 5 is a plan, with the binder-deck and upper portions of the'binder removed, showing the shocker in its discharging posi-.

tion. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the shock*' ing-cradle removed from the harvester. Fig. 7 is a detail section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5

of a portion of the harvester-frame, showing J the supporting-frame of the shocker swung to its vertical or discharging position and. illustrating mechanism. for'adjusting the 6o shock-binder simultaneously with the sheafbinder. Fig. 8 is a vertical section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 9 looking in the direction of. the arrow. Fig. 9 is a plan of the shockersupporting frame and its accompanying mech-' 'anism, showing also the manner of supportingit from the harvester. Fig. 10 is'a side view of the seat-supporting bar, showing a foot-lever and its connections with thetriping the construction of the gearing and clutch mechanism, Fig. 14 beinga section on line 14 -14'of Fig. 13, and Fig. 13 being a section on line 13 13 of Fig. 11.

, Similar letters of reference refer to the same parts in the several views.

The shocking device consists substantially of the following partsto'wit, a main.supporting-frame located whenin its bundle-receiving position parallel with and just underneath the outer edge ofthe binder-deck, a lower or bundle-receiving cradle hinged to the supportingframe, a U-shaped shockbinder frame, one arm of which, carrying the knotter, slides in guides on the supportingframe with the closed end of said U-frame toward the rear of the harvestena shaft'pivoted in the outer arm of the U.-frame and provided with arins'for compressing and holding the shock, one of which may serve as the needle-arm in case a binding device is to be used, and, lastly, such shafting and gearing as are necessary to give proper movements to these parts. I

The main supporting-frame O of the shocker (shown best in Figs. 6 and 9) consists of upper and lower bars set vertically edgewise one over the other, with a narrow intervening space between them. These bars are joined and braced by brackets at the ends, and the space between them serves as aguidewayfor one arm of the sliding U-shaped frame B B B of the shocker, on which is carried the breastplate B and other parts of the knotting mechanism of the shocker. The frame is bent laterally about midway of its ends at cto accommodate the knotting devices. An arch 0 also projects inwardly from the upper bar over the shafting carried by the frame C, and to the inner end of this arch is secured the shaft 0, which is mounted in bearings E E on the harvester-frame, as clearly shown in Fig. The shaft 0 is the sole support of the frame 0 and serves to rock the same when the shocker is operated.

Mounted in suitable bearings c c on the back of the frame 0 is a shaft B which drives by a groove and spline the knotter-opcrating wheel B of the shocker, while allowing said wheel to slide thereon during the adjustment of the binder-frame B to accommodate long or short grain. This adjustment is made simultaneously with the adjustment of the sheaf-binder of the harvester by mechanism which will now be described. The frame of the harvester is provided with an upper rail E at the head of the elevator-frame and a lower outer rail E The binder slides, the rail E being supported at the front of the machine by a cross-bar of the frameE and at the rear by the braces E and the binder being held thereon by clips D and E respectively, the former of which is attached to the binder and the latter to the guide-rail E all of which is most clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Turning loosely on the shaft 0', between the shockerframe and the outer bearing E, is a spur-gear D*, with which mesh two racks D B", one of which, D is connected with the frame of the sheafbinder at D and the other, B, with the frame of the shock-carrier at (See Figs. 7, S, and 9.) It will thus be seen that whenever the sheaf-binder is adjusted forward and backward in the usual way the rack D" will rotate the spur-gear D which will in turn drive the rack B, and thus adjust the sho'ckcarrier in the same direction ,whether the shocker-frame be in its horizontal or its vertical position. The knotter-shaft B carries at one end a spurgear B which meshes with a segmental rack B rigidly secured in vertical position to the harvester-frame E, so that as the 'shockerframe G, carrying with it the knotter-shaft B is tilted to discharge its load the gear B will be rotated by reason of its engagement with the fixed rack, which is on an are concentric with the shaft C, and through the shaft B will drive the knotter-wheel B On the outer arm of the U-shaped frame B is mounted in suitable bearings a shaft B to which are rigidly connected two arms B B extending normally upward and toward the binder-deck, and at the rear end of this shaft a crank B is provided, by which the shaft is rocked. These arms, in connection with the cradle portion of the shocker, grasp the shock and assist in placing it on the ground, and the arm B serves also as a needle-arm to carry the cord over the shock to the knotter, which it reaches through aslot in the breastplate B.

On the back of the frame C are two bearings C and G in which is mounted a tubular rock-shaft C, having secured at the inner end thereof a crank C Extending wholly or partly through the tubular rock-shaft C and turning freely therein is a shaft which is supported at the rear end in a bearing C also formed on or secured to the inner or back side of the frame G. In the drawings the shaft 0 is flattened on one side, and fitted upon it, so as to be rocked thereby, is a crank 0 having a hub formed with two shoulders 0 between which lies a sleeve-bearing B forming part of the U-shaped frame of the sliding shock-carrier B, so that as the carrier is adjusted the crank 0 which is connected by a pitman B with the crank B of the needle-shaft B will follow the movements of the carrierB. Immediatelyadjacenttothecrank C at the opposite end of the shaft is a crank O rigidly secured on the shaft C and these cranks engage a cam-slot formed in a bracket E fastened to the frame E of the harvester. This bracket E is curved in the vertical plane of an arc struck from the shaft 0, with which the frame 0 rocks, and the cam-slot has a straight portion and two opposite end portions E and E, which curve laterally and horizontally inward relative to the straight portion. \Vhen the shockerstands inits horizontal or receiving position, the crank 0 lies in the upper laterally-curved rear end E of the slot while the crank C is in the straight portion. As soon as the shocker-frame O is rocked the crank C swings around into the straight portion of the slot, thereby rocking the shaft C and by means of the pitman B carrying the needle-arm B with the cord down through the breastplate B to the knotter. As the tilting .of the shockerframe proceeds the cranks 22 and 0 move in the straight portion of the cam-slot without affecting the rock-shafts C and C but on reaching the upright position the crank C is forced into the curved portion E at the opposite end of the cam-slot and rocks the saidcrank and its shaft C, but the crank C does not enter this curve. Sleeved over the end of the tubular rock-shaft C and secured thereto is an arm and at the opposite end of the shaft 0 and sleeved on the bearing 0 is a second arm 0", the two being connected by a bar C the whole forming a rigid frame rocking With the shaft C. The bar 0 is offset stubbleward at its juncture with the arms 0 and C. Pivoted to the lower ends of the arms G and (J at the points C are U-shaped bars 0 and C respectively, each of which extends above its pivot, the bar bearing against acoiled spring 0 which is guided'by a curved bar (3 secured to the arm 0 The spring bears at its opposite end againsta transverse pin in the curved bar. The arrangement of the spring C on the opposite arm 0 is slightly different, the

curved bar 0 extending through 'anopening in the arm 0 and being attached to the U-shaped bar 0 while the spring 0 bears against the pin at one end and against the arm C at the other. The U-sha'pedbars C and O are connected together at their outer ends by a 1 bar 0". I Smaller U-shaped rods 0 and 0 are also pivoted to the'bars C and C those lettered C passing atthe lowest point of their curve through eyes in a link 0 which is in turn pivoted to the U-shaped bar 0 The bar 0 is linked in the same way to the bar (3, so that each set mayindependently yield rearwardly upon striking any obstruction. The reason for dividing the U-shaped barsinto two sets will be presently explained. The U-shaped bars form a cradle to receive the bundles as they are ejected from the binder,and being carried by the shaft 0 and the frame 0 the cradle will tilt forwardly with-the frame 0 when the latter is'moved by the rotation of the shaft 0" and will be swung. backwardly and inwardly toward the binderdeck out of the path of the shock when {the shaft G is rocked. As the rear end of the cradle swings upwardly with the frame (l and then inwardly with the movement of the shaft 0 the curved bars C and-O pass above the edge of the binder-deck and the bars C and (3 below the same, the reason for dividing these'arms into two sets being that if the link 0 were continuous it would strike the rear edge of the deck and prevent this movement. To allow the rear. part of the frame 0 to swing upward and also to perlnit the outer edge of 'the binder-deck to project over and protect the operating-gearing on the back of the frame (3 without interfering with the upward swing of the same, a.sec-' tion D of the rear outer edge of thebinderdeck is hinged to turnupwardly out of the way of said frame as the latter rises.

A dependent arm B is rigidly secured to the outer arm of the U-shaped frameB and a similar one C to the main shocker-frame C, and these arms guide and support the shock as the machine moves forward away from it after depositing it upon the ground;

The needle-arm shaft B of the shock-,car-

rier has keyed to it a hook or latch B which engages and assists in supporting the bar 0 of the shocker-cradle while 'the latter -is receiving the bundles. I

Having now described the construction. of

the shocker, there remains only the gearing for rocking itthrough the shaftC and the means whereby it is controlled at the will of the operator.

On the inner end of the shaft 0' is a crank 0 connected by a pitman E with a crank on a cross-head'E whose shaft or hub E is mounted in a' bearing 'E 'on the harvesterframe, this constructionbeing best'shown in Figs. 5, 11, and 13. In suitable bearings E and E on the harvester-frame is mounted the I opposite points in its periphery slots E and E through whichthe tail of the dog E may protrude when'the'dog is disengaged.

On the front of the elevator-frame of the harvester is mounted a rock-shaftE operated through a crank E and pitman E by a bell-crank lever E pivoted on the seatbar E within reach of the foot of the open? ator, and onthe end of theshaft E directly.

opposite the cross-head E is an arm E 6, whichwill engage said cross-head whenthe shaft E is rocked and will force the shaft- E forward in its proper direction of rotation. r

' The operation of theshocker, the construc: tion of which has now been fully described,

-is as follows: The shocker being in its horizontal or receiving position, withthe needlearm' raised to allow the bundles to pass beneath it into the cradle until a sufficient numberhas been accu mulated,the operator p'resses',

with his foot upon the lever E andthrough 'the link E, crank E and shaft E forces the arm E against the cross-head E flwhich gives the shaft E? a partial rotation, thereby carrying the tail of the dog E under the fixed shell E and causing said dogto engage the ratchet-teeth on the hub of the gear E", which is constantly driven by thejpacker-shaft E of the main or sheaf binder. As the clutchis thus thrown into connection the shaft E jisf carried through a half-revolution, but is stopped by the spring throwing the tail of the dog E out through the slot E iwhen' the dog gets around to it, and thus disengaging the clutch. During this half-revolution the pitman E through the crankjO rocksflthe shaft 0, and with it the main shocker-frame C; At the first movement of this framethe r crank C swings out from the laterally-curved portion E of the rear end of thecamkslot into the straight portion, and thus rocks the shaft C and by means of the crank 0 pitmanBi,

and needle-shaft B drives down theQneedlej arm B and carries the cord through the breast-plate B to the knotter, and at the same time the latch B releases the barQ, As the movement'of the frame 0 continues the cranks O and 0 travel in thestraight portion of the cam-slot and are not further operated, but the spur-gear B being carried by the frame and meshing with the fixed rack B rotates the knotter shaft B and knotterwheel B and thus ties the knot during the downward swing of the shocker. As the crank 0 reaches the forward end of the camslot and the shocker nears its vertical position the curved portion E of the slot acts upon it and rocks the shaft C, to which the shocking-cradle is connected through the arm C swinging the cradle toward the rear of the machine and inwardly across the binder-deck, as already described, thus removing it from the path of the shock, which is now standing upon the ground between the arms B and C, which support and guide it as the harvester moves on. This action of the shocker takes place while grain is accumulating in the binder to form a bundle, and before this is accomplished the operator by placing his foot a second time on the lever E again trips the clutch, causing the shaft E to make another half-revolution and rock the shaft 0 in the opposite direction, thus reversing the cycle of operations, swinging the cradle away from the binder-deck, rocking the shocker-frame to vertical position, restoring the knotter mechanism, withdrawing the needle, and causing the latch B to lock the bar C of the cradle, the parts being then in position for receiving another shock.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is- 1. A shocking attachment for self-binding harvesters having, in combination, a main frame, a shaft secured near the center thereof and at a right angle thereto for pivota-lly supporting the shocker on the harvester-frame, a bundle-receiving cradle hinged to swing transversely to the movement of the shocker; a frame projecting transversely from the main frame across the cradle, a rock-shaft, mounted on the outer side of said frame parallel with the main supporting-frame, and carrying compressing and holding arms, means for rocking said shaft and arms, means for swinging the cradle on its hinges so as to deposit the shock on the ground, and means for rocking the cradle horizontally out of the way of the shock.

2. A shocking attachment for self-binding harvesters having, in combination, a main frame, a shaft secured near the center thereof and at a right angle thereto for pivotally supporting the shocker on the harvesterframe, a bundle-receiving cradle hinged so as to swing transversely to the movement of the shocker, knotting devices mounted on the main frame, a frame projecting transversely from the main frame across the cradle, a rockshaft mounted in the outer side of said frame, parallel with the main supporting-frame and carrying a needle-arm for passing the hinding-cord to the knotter, means for rocking the needle-shaft, means for swinging the cradle onits hinges so as to deposit the shock on the ground, and means for rocking the cradle horizontally out of the way of the shock.

3. In combination with a self-binding harvester, a shocking-cradle lying parallel with and beneath the binder-deck, when in its re ceiving position, said cradle being pivoted so as to tilt forwardly and downwardly to a substantially vertical position to deposit the shock, and being also pivoted to swing rearwardly and inwardly toward the side of the harvester out of the way of the shock as the machine advances.

4. In combination with a self-binding harvester, a shocking-cradle pivoted to tilt in a vertical plane parallel with the outer edge of the binder'table, and swing rearwardly and toward the binder-deck, the bundle-receiving portion of the cradle being divided transversely so that the rear portion will pass above the binder-deck and the front portion below the same.

5. A shocking attachment for self-binding harvesters comprising, in combination, a main frame, a shaft secured near the center thereof and at a right angle thereto for pivotally supporting the shocker on the harvester frame, a bundle-supporting cradle hinged to swing in a plane transverse to the main frame,

va frame projecting transversely from the main frame across the cradle, an arm depending from said frame, and a similar arm depending from the main frame to support and guide the shock when the shocker is tilted to its discharging position.

6. A shocking attachment for self-binding harvesters having, in combination, a main frame, a shaft secured near the center thereof and at a right angle thereto for pivotally supporting the shocker on the harvester-frame, a bundle-receiving cradle hinged to swing transversely to the movement of the shocker, a frame projecting from the main frame across the cradle, a shaft mounted on the outer side of said frame; parallel to the main frame, a hook or latch secured to said shaft and adapted to engage the outer edge of the shocking-cradle, means for rocking the shaft and hook, means for swinging the cradle, and means for tilting the main frame.

7. A shocker-cradle consisting of two side bars, two bow-shaped end bars pivoted at a distance from each other to said side bars, intermediate bow-shaped rods also pivoted to the side bars, links connecting the rods to the end bars, and springs resist-ing the swinging of the bow-shaped bars and rods on their pivots.

8. A shocker-cradle consisting of two side bars, two bow-shaped end bars pivoted at a distance from each other to said side bars, a curved rod secured to one end bar and extending through an opening-in one of the side bars, a coil-spring mounted on the curved rod and bearing at one end on an abutment of the curved rod and at the other on said side bar, a similar curved rod mounted on the other side bar and passing through an openingin the other bow-shaped end bar, a coil-spring on said rod hearing at oneend against the end bar and at the other against an abutment'on the curved rod, and a series of'bow-shaped rods pivoted at their'endsin' the two side bars of the cradle and linkedlto the end bars.

9. In combination with a harvester having an adjustable binder, a tiltingshocker, an ad: justable shock-binder on said shocker, and means for adjusting the binders simultaneously in any position of the shocker.

10. The combination with a harvester having an adjustable binder, a tilting shocker, an adjustable shock binder on said shocker, a loosely-rotating gear concentric with the shocker-pivot, and two rack-bars meshing with and free to swing about said gear, one

of said bars being connected with the harvester-binder, and the other with the shockbinder. V.

11. Inashockerforself-bindingharvesters, a main frame swinging about a pivot on'th'e harvester and carrying the bundle-receiving cradle, a shock-binder mounted on said main frame, a segmental rack secured to the harvester-frameconcentric with the pivot of the shocker, and a knotter driving-shaft mount ed in bearings on the main shocker-frame and having a gear which meshes with the segmental rack. I

: 12. Inashockerforself-bindingharvesters, a main frame swinging about a pivot on the harvester and carrying the bundle-receiving cradle, a shock-binder frame mounted on said main frame, a needle-shaft on the outerside of the hinder-frame, a crank-shaft inbearings on the main shocker-frame, a curved bracket on the harvester-frame concentric with the shocker-pivot and provided with a cam-slot having a straight portion and a curve'd end portion, said cam-slot engaging a crank on the crank-shaft, and means connecting the crank-shaft with the needle-shaft.

13. Inashockerforself-bindingharvesters, a main frame swinging about a pivot on the harvester, a bundle-receiving cradle hinged to said main frame, a curved bracket onthe harvester-frame concentric with the pivot of the shocker andprovided With a cam-slot formed with a straight portion and acurved end portion, a rock-shaft mounted in bearings on the main shocker-frame and carrying a crank'which engages the cam-slot, and connections between the rock-shaft and'the bundle-receiving cradle forswingingthe same.

14:. In ashockerforself-bindingharvesters, a main frame swinging about a pivot on the harvester, a shock-binder thereon, a bundlereceiving cradle hinged to said main frame, a curved bracket on the harvester-frame, con centric with the pivot of the shocker and provided with a cam-slot formed with a straight portion and a curved portion at each end, a tubular rock-shaft mounted in hearings on the mainshocker-frame and carrying a crank which travels in the straight portion and one ,of the curved endoportions, connections between the' tubular crank-shaft and the shocker-cradle, a second crank-shaft carried at one end in the tubular crank-shaft and at the other in a bearing'on the main shockerframe, a crank on'said shaft traveling irithe straight portion and the second curved'portion of the cam-slot, and connections between the second crank-shaft and the needle-shaft of the shock-binder.

15. Ina'shocker for self-binding harvesters, a main frame swinging about a pivot on the harvester, a U-shaped shock-binder frame having one arm sliding on the shocker-frame, aknotting mechanism carried on said arm, a knotter-shaft mounted on the shocker-frame having a gear at one end and a groove-andspline connection with theknotter-wheel, a segmental rack on the harvester-frame engaging the gear on the knotter-shaft, a tubular cran k-shaft mounted onthe shocker-frame, a second crank-shaft having one end sleeved within the tubular shaft and the otherin a bearing on the shocker-frame, a'crankconnected for rotation to said shaft but sliding longitudinally thereon, the hub of said crank being held by a bearing-sleeve on the sliding binder-frame, a needle-shaft on the outer arm of the sliding binder-frame, a' pitman con- ,nectin g the crank on the last-finentioned crankshaft with a crank on the need1e-shaft,a curved bracket on the harvester-frame, concentric With the pivot of the shocker and provided with a cam-slot formed with a straight portion and two curved end portions, cranks on the tubular shaft and the second crank-shaft which travel in the cam-slot; a bundle-receiving cradle hinged to the main shocker-frame, and connections between the tubular crankshaft and the cradle'for swinging-the same.

16. A shock-binder having a main frame, carrying the necessary shafts and gearing for operating the shock-binder and other parts, and swinging in a plane parallel withthe outer edge of the binder-table,"in combination with a'harvester binder-table .projectingoverthe shocker-frame to' protectthe gearing thereon, andhaving at its rear'outer 'edgea hinged portion which turns np out of the way as the rear end of the shocker-frame rises. I I

In testimony whereof Ihereunto affi z my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LOIS L. SPAULDING;

Aclministratr'ix ofxthe' estate of'Gem'ge-LII. V i

:- Spau ld'ing, deceased.

Witnesses:

JOHN C, PENNIE, J. A. GonDsBoRoUeH. 

